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Objective: To compare the long-term outcomes of intersphincteric (trans-internal and external) sphincter resection (ISR) and abdominoperineal proctocolectomy (APR) for low-grade rectal cancer. Methods: We used a meta-analytic approach to compare these procedures . Published reports comparing ISR and APR for low rectal cancer in Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane, China Knowledge Network (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database, and Vipers databases between January 2005 and January 2023 were searched and those meeting the eligibility criteria were selected for extraction of data for analysis. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) all reports comparing ISR and APR for low rectal cancer before January 2023; and (2) prospective randomized controlled studies or well-designed cohort studies. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) full text not available; (2) duplicate publications, missing primary outcome indicators, and unknown data; and (3) invalid statistical analysis. Results: Sixteen studies with 2498 patients were included in this study. Compared with the APR group, patients in the ISR group were relatively younger (weighted mean difference [WMD]=-1.82, 95%CI=-2.94 to -0.70, P=0.01), had tumors farther from the anal verge (WMD=0.43, 95%CI=0.18 to 0.67, P<0.01), and lower pathological T-stage (T3-4 stage: OR=0.54, 95%CI=0.36 to 0.81, P<0.01). In contrast, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in gender (P=0.78), body mass index (P=0.77), or pathological N stage (P=0.09). Compared with the APR group, patients in the ISR group had a lower rate of postoperative complications (OR=0.77, 95%CI=0.60 to 0.99, P=0.04), shorter hospital stay (WMD=-4.30, 95%CI=-7.07 to -1.53, P<0.01), higher 5-year overall survival (HR=0.54, 95%CI=0.33 to 0.88, P=0.01), and higher 5-year disease-free survival (HR=0.65, 95%CI=0.47 to 0.90, P<0.01). Five-year locoregional failure (HR=0.66, 95%CI=0.40 to 1.10, P=0.11) and time to surgery (WMD=-9.71, 95%CI=-41.89 to 22.47, P=0.55) did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: ISR is a safe and effective alternative to APR for early-stage low-grade rectal cancer.
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Humans , Prospective Studies , Rectal Neoplasms/pathology , Rectum/surgery , Proctectomy , Anal Canal/pathology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
As part of systematic research of Corydalis hendersonii,a typical traditional Tibetan herbal medicine with clearing heat,relieving pain,and lowering blood pressure effects,a novel isoquinoline alkaloid,named hendersine G was isolated from the ethanol extract of the whole plant by various chromatographic techniques,including silica gel column,reverse phase column (ODS),Sephadex LH-20,and semi-preparative HPLC.Its structure was elucidated by MS,NMR and other spectroscopic data analysis.Hendersine G can be regarded as a condensation product of a tetrahydroberberine and a succinic acid,however,its absolute configuration has not been determined due to its structural complexity and less obtained amount.This present study provides an inspiration for further exploration of novel molecules from C.hendersonii.
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Nine alkaloids and two phenolic glycosides were isolated from EtOH extract of the whole plants of Corydalis hendersonii by various chromatographic techniques including silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified as groenlandicine (1), berberine (2), protopine (3), cryptopine (4), N-trans-feruloyloctopamine(5), 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyethyl] acrylamide (6), N-cis-p-coumaroyloctopamine (7), N-trans-p-coumaroylnoradrenline (8),N-cis-feruloyloctopamine (9), apocynin (10), and glucoacetosyringone (11) by the spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with those in the literature. Among them, compounds 10 and 11 were isolated from this genus for the first time, and 1, 2, and 5-9 were isolated from the species for the first time. All isolates were tested for their protection for in vitro PC12 cell line and antiplatelet aggregation activity. The results showed that compounds 5 and 7 displayed protective effects at a concentration of 10 μmol·L⁻¹, and compound 2 showed antiplatelet aggregation activity induced by THR, ADP, and AA, and compound 3 exhibted inhibitory effect induced by THR.
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Objective To diagnose the process of hepatic injury,a method of quantitating the concentration of sH2a subunit from asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was established and clinical evaluated.Methods 210 serum samples were collected in Suzhou Kowloon Hospital.Among them,70 subjects with cirrhosis,viral hepatitis and fatty liver disease were as hepatic injury group and 140 subjects of healthy and high fat,hemolysis,jaundice and with autoimmune disease were as control group.The serum sH2a of two group were measured by ELISA kit.The results of sH2a ELISA were analyzed by four table chi-square test and SPSS20.0 software.Results sH2a protein level in liver injury group and control group were 105.92+ 53.41 ng/ml and 69.25+27.45 ng/ml,respectively.The difference between the control group and the liver injury group was statistically significant (F=14.375,t=5.397,P=0.000).The sensitivity and specificity of the sH2a ELISA kit were 68.57％ (95％CI:56.37～79.15％) and 82.86％ (95％CI:75.58％～88.70％),and the total compliance rate was 78.10％ (95％CI:71.88％～83.49％) with KAPPA coefficient:0.510 6 (95％ CI:0.3877～0.6336).Conclusion SH2a serum ELISA kit with positive and negative coincidence rate between SH2a serum level and meet the clinical requirement,which could be used as new marker for diagnosis of heptieal injury related diseases.
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Objective To study the prokaryotic expression and immune protection of triosephosphate isomerase(TPI)of Toxoplasma gondii in mice. Methods Total RNA was extracted from toxoplasma tachyzoites,and TPI fragment was amplified by PCR and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a(+). The target protein was induced with IPTG and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The mice were immunized 4 times by emulsified TPI with adjuvant,and the last time was the strengthen immunization. At the same time,an adjuvant group and a normal group were set as controls. The blood samples were got from the tail vein of the mice,and the serum antibody titres were detected. All the mice were challenged with 400 toxo-plasma tachyzoites to observe the survival time. Results The TPI gene was amplified from T. gondii cDNA by PCR. The recom-binant vector TPI/pET-28a(+)was usefully constructed,and the TPI protein was expressed and purified. The serum antibody ti-tre could be more than 100 thousand. After infected with toxoplasma tachyzoites,the survival time of the mice in the experimen-tal group was longer than that of the mice in the control groups. Conclusion The TPI protein of T. gondii could trigger the im-munoprotection against T. gondii challenge in the mice.
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Objective To establish a LNA-taqman-based real-time PCR assay for detecting gene polymorphisms of Vitamin K monooxygenase CYP4F2,vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1(VKORC1)and cytochrome P450 2C9(CYP2C9), associated with Warfarin optimal dosage.Methods A set of allele-specific PCR primers and probes was designed for each single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)of CYP4F2-1347C>T,CYP2C9*3,VKORC1-1173C>T and VKORC1-1639G>A, and the specificity of LNA-taqman probe PCR was evaluated.Genomic DNA of peripheral blood samples from 150 patients with treated with warfarin was extracted,and the some PCR products were verified with sequencing.Results ①LNA-taq-man-based real-time PCR assay was highly specificity,no overla.②Among the 150 patients,the cases of CC,CT and TT genotype of CYP4F2-1347C>T were 87(58%),56(37.3%)and 7(4.7%).The cases of *1/*1 and *1/*3 genotype of CYP2C9*3 were 142(94.7%)and 8(5.3%),*3/*3 genotype was not detected.The cases of TT,TC and CC genotype of VKORC1 1173C>T were 127(84.7%),20(13.3%)and 3(2%).The cases of AA,AG and GG genotype of VKORC1 1639G>A were 124(82.7%),23(15.3%)and 3(2%),respectively.Conclusion The LNA-taqman-based real-time PCR as-say is convenient,inexpensive,accurate and will be useful for CYP4F2-C1347T,CYP2C9* 3,VKORC1-C1173T and VKORC1-G1639A genotyping in a clinic laboratory.
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One new lignan, named Z-pinnatifolin A, along with ten known analogues, were isolated from the stem bark of Syringa pinnatifolia by various chromatographic methods. Their structures were extensively determined on basis of MS and NMR spectroscopic data analyses, and comparison with those in literature. Among them, compounds 3,4, and 8-11 were isolated from this genus for the first time, and 5-7 were isolated from the specie for the first time. Compound 1 showed a moderate inhibition on NO production in BV-2 cells. The present study provides a preliminary data for clarification of bioactive ingredients of S.pinnatifolia with anti-myocardial ischemic effect.
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Ilex asprella is one of representative medicinal plants in South of the Five Ridges of China. The roots and rhizomes of I. asprella have the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, stimulating salvia, and reducing thirst, which has been used to treat wind-heat cold, acute and chronic pharyngitis, and sore throat. Contemporary studies showed that I. asprella contains the major triterpenoids and glycosides, phenolic acids, and minor steroids. The extracts and compounds show activities of anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-tumor, and regulating lipid metabolism.The present paper summarizes a phytochemical and pharmacological advance on this species to provide reference for clarification of its pharmacologically active ingredients, quality evaluation, and further explorations.
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Phytochemical investigation on the stems of Ilex asprella by using various chromatographic techniques led to the isolation of 13 compounds. By spectroscopic analyses and comparisons the spectral data with those in literatures, these compounds were identified as salicifoneoliganol(1), rel-(7R,8S)-3,3',5-trimethoxy-4',7-epoxy-8,5'-neolignan-4,9,9'-triol 9-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),(+)-cycloolivil(3),(+)-syringaresinol-4'-O-β-D-monoglucoside(4), liriodendrin(5), caffeic acid (6), 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde(7), benzene-1,2,4-triol(8), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl(1″→6')-glucopyranoside(9), aeculetin(10), cryptochlorogenic acid ethyl ester(11), chlorogenic acid ethyl ester(12), and rel-5-(3S,8S-dihydroxy-1R,5S-dimethyl-7-oxa-6-oxobicyclo [3,2,1]oct-8-yl)-3-methyl-2Z,4E-pentadienoic acid(13). Among them, compounds 7, 8, 11, and 13 were isolated from genus Ilex for the first time, and 1-3, 9, 10, and 12 were isolated from this speciesfor the first time. The anti-inflammatory assay results of these compounds showed that compounds 1 and 9 showed moderate inhibitory effect against NO production in RAW 267. 4 cells with IC₅₀ values of 35.7 and 50.6 μmol•L⁻¹, in vitro respectively, whereas compound 10 showed weak inhibition(IC₅₀ value 98.7 μmol•L⁻¹).
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One new iridoid, named alashanidoid A, and five known analogues, were isolated from the stem bark of Syringa pinnatifolia by various chromatographic methods. Their structures were determined on the basis of MS and NMR spectroscopic data analyses, and comparison with those in literature. Among them, compounds 3-5 were isolated from this genus for the first time, and 2 and 6 were isolated from the species for the first time.These isolates were tested for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activities against NO production in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages in mice and cytotoxicity of HepG2 cell line, however, no obvious activity was observed at the concentration of 40 μmol•L⁻¹.
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Sixteen compounds were isolated from lichen Usnea longissima using of various chromatographic techniques including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS, and semi-preparative HPLC. By spectroscopic data analyses, their structures were identified by as useanol(1), lecanorin(2), 3-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methylbenzoate(3), lecanorin E(4), 3'-methylevernic acid(5), evernic acid(6), barbatinic acid(7), 3,7-dihydroxy-1,9-dimethyldibenzofuran(8), orcinol(9), O-methylorcinol(10), methyl orsellinate(11), methyl everninate(12), 2,5-dimethyl-1,3-benzenediol(13), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3,6-dimethyl benzoic acid(14), ethyl everninate(15), and ethyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate(16). Compound 1 was obtained as a natural product for the first time, and 3,4, 8,10,12, and 13 were isolated from Usneaceae family for the first time. Compound 1, 8, and 13 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity against NO production in RAW 267.4 cells with IC₅₀ values of 6.8, 3.9 and 4.8 μmol•L⁻¹, respectively, compared with the positive controls curcumin(IC₅₀ 15.3 μmol•L⁻¹) and indomethacin(IC₅₀ 42.9 μmol•L⁻¹).
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PURPOSE: There has been accumulating evidence that interleukin-10 (IL-10) influences on the production of proinflammatory cytokines, regulating the development of atopic diseases. In this study, we tested the genetic association between IL-10 haplotype polymorphism and the development of atopy. METHODS: The frequency of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at positions- 1082 (A/G), -819 (C/T), -592 (A/C) and corresponding haplotypes in the promotor region of the IL-10 gene were analysed in 174 atopic and 130 non-atopic children using Taqman method. The data were assessed for correlations with the eosinophil count and total serum IgE concentration. RESULTS: Three haplotypes (ATA, ACC, GCC) were identified without any ambiguous phasing due to linkage disequilibrium among SNPs. The frequency of IL-10 haplotype ACC was higher in non-atopic children compared to atopic children. (P=0.04) The frequency of IL-10 haplotype ATA was higher in atopic children compared to non-atopic children, but a statistical significance was not found. (P=0.099) ATA/ATA and ATA/ACC accounted for 80 percent of six different genotypes. Although the frequency of ATA/ATA genotype was higher in atopic children, there was no statistical significance. Although medians of serum IgE level and total eosinophil count were higher among atopic children with ATA/ATA genotype than in atopic children with ATA/ACC, no statistical significance was found. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that IL-10 promotor polymorphism may be associated with a genetic risk factor for the development of atopy in Korean children.
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Child , Humans , Cytokines , Eosinophils , Genotype , Haplotypes , Immunoglobulin E , Interleukin-10 , Linkage Disequilibrium , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the correlation between corneal neovascularization (CNV) in rat after cautery with acid and the defect in epithelium, the infiltrating of leucocytes. Methods The model of mild, moderate and severe acid burn in rat cornea was established. Corneal angiogenesis and the diameter of the epithelial defect were observed with a slit lamp microscope. The ratio of neovascularization area to that of cornea was calculated. The specimens were taken to stain with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) at different time points after cautery and the number of the leucocytes in cornea was calculated with light microscope. The relation between CNV and the diameter of epithelial defect and the infiltrating leucocytes in cornea was analyzed with Pearson's correlation. Results The healing of epithelium differed with different degree of acid burn. The more damage the eye suffered, the more time it would take to heal. Leucocytes infiltrated in cornea after cautery. The more damage the eye suffer, the more leucocytes can be observed, and the statistical difference was significant (P
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0.05).Conclusion The rat corneal neovascularization induced by alkali cauterization can be significantly inhibited by local application of 0.025%,0.1% Nordy eye drops that have no toxicity and adverse effect.